Question 1
a. Obesity rates have been increasing over recent decades in all industrialised countries. Present an overview of current obesity rates in Australia and the estimated cost of obesity to the nation.
b. Fat taxes have been proposed as a policy instrument to reduce the social costs of the current obesity epidemic in a number of developed countries. Specifically, a fat tax is a tax that discourages the eating of unhealthy food. Discuss the extent to which a fat tax would be considered by economists to be a desirable tax.
Question 2
a. In December 2009 the ABS released statistics that more than 400,000 women in Australia would be willing to work but are currently not seeking employment. Present an overview of the key statistics relating to female engagement in the workforce in Australia.
b. Examine both the economic reasons which explain why females have dis-engaged from the workforce and economic policies that could increase female labour force participation.
Question 3
a. Australia’s per capita greenhouse gas emissions are the highest in the OECD. Australia also ranks amongst the 20 largest greenhouse gas emitters, who are jointly responsible for more than 80 per cent of global emissions (Garnaut, 2008). Briefly present the data that supports these rankings and the reasons which explain Australia’s high ranking relative to lower ranking countries.
b. Assume that Australia must present an effective carbon reduction policy to a world leaders’ global environment forum. Compare and contrast the effectiveness of an Emission Trading Scheme, carbon tax and environmental regulation as a way to reduce CO2 emissions to an economic efficient level in Australia.
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