Research, analyze, and discuss the processes involved in helping technologies emerge from the R&D environment so that they can be incorporated into products and services which meet the needs of the cyber security industry.

Technology Transfer Research Paper

For this paper, you will research, analyze, and discuss the processes involved in helping technologies emerge from the R&D environment so that they can be incorporated into products and services which meet the needs of the cyber security industry. Your research should include: technology transfer processes and initiatives and funding sources, i.e. venture capital, government grants, etc. You should also address the technology development life cycle and the role of funding availability at each of the life cycle stages (See NIST GCR 02-841).

Begin your research by reading the following documents and resources about technology transfer processes and initiatives. Continue your research by investigating the availability (or lack) of federal funding for innovations in the cyber security area.

o What is a technology? https://www.useoftechnology.com/what-is-technology/

o Technology R&D Life cycle: Between invention and innovation: An analysis of funding for early-stage technology development (NIST GCR 02-841). (pp. 1-76) https://www.atp.nist.gov/eao/gcr02-841/gcr02-841.pdf

o What is technology transfer? https://www.utrs.com/technology_transfer.html

o Technology Transfer @ DHS

o https://www.dhs.gov/technology-transfer-program

o https://www.dhs.gov/csd-ep

o DHS Transition to Practice (TTP) Technology Guide (vol 2) https://www.dhs.gov/sites/default/files/publications/csd-ttp-technology-guide-volume-2.pdf (pp. 1-9)

o Technology Transfer @ NSA

o https://www.nsa.gov/research/tech_transfer/

o Technology Transfer @ Federal Government:

o https://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-15-127

o Cyber Maryland Report https://mdcao.usmd.edu/Maryland%20Department%20of%20Economic%20Development%20CyberReport.pdf

Next, research the role that private funding (venture capital) plays in providing money and resources to innovators who are developing cyber security technologies and products. How does the availability of venture capital impact the development of technology? How do venture capitalists influence the emergence or death of technology developments? Provide specific examples from your research.

o https://blogs.wsj.com/venturecapital/2014/08/06/the-daily-startup-venture-funding-soars-for-cybersecurity-startups/

o https://venturebeat.com/2014/01/19/cybersecurity-is-hot-but-a-bubble-its-not/

o https://www.paladincapgroup.com/tag/cyber-security/

o https://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/f5c87808-a883-11e3-b50f-00144feab7de.html#axzz3I8EJB2ou (Investors flock to cyber security startups)

Your research is to be incorporated into a 3 to 5 page written summary of the technology transfer process and associated funding issues. Your report is to be prepared using basic APA formatting and submitted as an MS Word attachment to the Technology Transfer Research Paper entry in your assignments folder. See the sample paper and paper template provided in Content > Course Documents > APA Resources.

For an “A,” you must use and cite at least five of the authoritative sources listed in this assignment. You must also find and use additional authoritative sources in your analysis. This means that your reference list must have at least ten authoritative sources and those sources must be cited properly in your paper.

Grading Rubric: Consult the grading rubric for specific content and formatting requirements for this assignment.

rubric Name: Technology Transfer Paper Rubric

Criteria Excellent Outstanding Acceptable Needs Improvement Needs Significant Improvement Missing / Unacceptable

Introduction & Overview (10 pts) 10 points

Provided an excellent introduction / overview which thoroughly introduced the topic of this paper. Introduction addressed:

• Technology Transfer Processes

• Technology Development Life Cycle

• Funding Sources & Issues 8 points

Provided an outstanding introduction / overview which introduced the topic of this paper. Introduction provided adequate mention of the following:

• Technology Transfer Processes

• Technology Development Life Cycle

• Funding Sources & Issues 7 points

Provided an introduction / overview which introduced the topic of this paper. Introduction mentioned or provided some information about:

• Technology Transfer Processes

• Technology Development Life Cycle

• Funding Sources & Issues 5 points

Provided an introduction / overview which introduced the topic of this paper. 4 points

Provided an introduction / overview but this section was lacking in content and/or did not tell the reader what to expect (topic of the paper). 0 points

Introduction was missing or not relevant to the required topic for this paper.

Technology Development Life Cycle (10 pts) 10 points

Provided an excellent explanation of the Technology Development Life Cycle. Explanation included all phases (stages) of the life cycle (as defined in NIST GCR 02-841) and provided relevant examples of the types of activities which occur in each phase (stage). Used appropriate authoritative sources to support the discussion (including 2 or more authoritative sources). 8 points
Provided an outstanding explanation of the Technology Development Life Cycle. Explanation included all phases (stages) of the life cycle (as defined in NIST GCR 02-841) and provided relevant examples of the types of activities which occur in each phase (stage). Used appropriate authoritative sources to support the discussion (including 2 or more authoritative sources). 7 points

Provided an explanation of the Technology Development Life Cycle. Explanation included all phases (stages) of the life cycle (as defined in NIST GCR 02-841) and provided relevant examples of the types of activities which occur in each phase (stage). Used appropriate authoritative sources to support the discussion. 5 points

Provided an explanation of the Technology Development Life Cycle. Explanation mentioned phases (stages) of the life cycle (as defined in NIST GCR 02-841) and provided a few examples of the types of activities which occur in each phase (stage). 4 points

Attempted to provide an explanation of the Technology Development Life Cycle. Explanation was incomplete and/or did not use information from authoritative sources (no citations or used non-authoritative sources) 0 points

Did not include an explanation of the Technology Development Life Cycle.

Technology Transfer Processes (20 pts) 20 points

Provided an excellent explanation of the Technology Transfer Process and included a discussion of the key players who participate (i.e. inventors, universities, companies, investors). Explanation included examples of two or more phases (stages) of the technology development life cycle at which technology transfer occurs. Researched additional sources of information about technology transfer (beyond those included in the assignment). Used appropriate authoritative sources to support the discussion (including 3 or more authoritative sources). 17 points

Provided an outstanding explanation of the Technology Transfer Process and included a discussion of the key players who participate (i.e. inventors, universities, companies, investors). Explanation included examples of phases (stages) of the technology development life cycle at which technology transfer occurs. Researched additional sources of information about technology transfer (beyond those included in the assignment). Used appropriate authoritative sources to support the discussion (including 2 or more authoritative sources). 15 points

Provided an explanation of the Technology Transfer Process which included a discussion of the key players who participate (i.e. inventors, universities, companies, investors). Explanation included mention of the phases (stages) of the technology development life cycle at which technology transfer occurs. Used appropriate authoritative sources to support the discussion. 12 points

Provided an explanation of the Technology Transfer Process. Explanation included mention of the phases (stages) of the technology development life cycle at which technology transfer occurs. Used appropriate authoritative sources to support the discussion. 4 points

Attempted an explanation of the Technology Transfer Process. 0 points

Did not discuss the technology transfer process.

Funding Sources & Issues (20 pts) 20 points

Provided an excellent explanation of the role that funding plays in the technology transfer process. Included a discussion of the key players who are involved in funding decisions (i.e. inventors, universities, government agencies, companies, investors). Explanation included examples of two or more types of funding for technology transfer. Researched additional sources of information and used appropriate authoritative sources to support the discussion (including 3 or more authoritative sources). 17 points

Provided an outstanding explanation of the role that funding plays in the technology transfer process. Included a discussion of the key players who are involved in funding decisions (i.e. inventors, universities, government agencies, companies, investors). Explanation mentioned different types of funding for technology transfer. Used appropriate authoritative sources to support the discussion (including 3 or more authoritative sources). 15 points

Provided an explanation of the role that funding plays in the technology transfer process. Mentioned two or more key players who are involved in funding decisions. Mentioned different types of funding for technology transfer. Used appropriate authoritative sources to support the discussion. 12 points

Provided an explanation of the role that funding plays in the technology transfer process. Mentioned different types of funding for technology transfer. Used appropriate authoritative sources to support the discussion. 4 points

Mentioned the role that funding plays in the technology transfer process. 0 points

Did not discuss the role that funding plays in the technology transfer process.

Summary and Conclusions (10 pts) 10 points

Provided a separate section of the paper which contained an excellent and thorough summary of the information presented in the paper. Presented at least 3 appropriate conclusions regarding technology transfer and related issues. 8 points

Provided a separate section of the paper which contained an outstanding summary of the information presented in the paper. Presented 2 or more appropriate conclusions regarding technology transfer and related issues. 7 points

Provided a separate section of the paper which contained a summary of the information presented in the paper. Presented at least one appropriate conclusion regarding technology transfer and related issues. 5 points

Provided a summary of the information presented in the paper. Did not draw conclusions about technology transfer and related issues. 4 points

Summary and conclusions were weak. OR, the summary was poorly organized and/or contained inappropriate information or opinion. 0 points

Did not provide summary and conclusions for the paper.

Quality of Research (10 pts) 10 points

Demonstrated excellence in researching technology transfer as it applies to emerging technologies and the technology development life cycle. Used 10 or more authoritative sources in the writing of this assignment (including at least three that were not listed in the assignment). Sources used were diverse and included information obtained from journal articles, government Web sites, university Web sites (e.g. “Office of Technology Transfer” or “Office of Technology Commercialization”), etc. 8 points

Researched the technology transfer as it applies to emerging technologies and the technology development life cycle. Used 8 or more authoritative sources in the writing of this assignment (including at least three that were not listed in the assignment). Sources used were diverse and included information obtained from journal articles, government Web sites, university Web sites (e.g. “Office of Technology Transfer” or “Office of Technology Commercialization”), etc. 7 points

Researched the technology transfer as it applies to emerging technologies and the technology development life cycle. Used 3 or more authoritative sources in the writing of this assignment (including at least one that was not listed in the assignment). Sources used were diverse and included information obtained from journal articles, government Web sites, university Web sites (e.g. “Office of Technology Transfer” or “Office of Technology Commercialization”), etc. 5 points

Used 3 or more authoritative sources in the writing of this assignment. Demonstrated some independent research (used sources beyond those listed in the assignment) 4 points

Used one or more authoritative sources from the assignment in the writing of this assignment. (Did not demonstrate independent research.) 0 points

Citations and/or reference list were missing. OR, citations only used inappropriate sources (non authoritative).

APA Formatting for Citations and Reference List (5 pts) 5 points

Work contains a reference list containing entries for all cited resources. Reference list entries and in-text citations are correctly formatted using the appropriate APA style for each type of resource. Applies the APA formatting standard as defined in the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (6th ed.). 4 points

Work contains a reference list containing entries for all cited resources. One or two minor errors in APA format for in-text citations and/or reference list entries. Applies the APA formatting standard as defined in the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (6th ed.). 3 points

Work contains a reference list containing entries for all cited resources. No more than 3 minor errors in APA format for in-text citations and/or reference list entries. Applies the APA formatting standard as defined in the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (6th ed.). 2 points

Work contains a reference list containing entries for cited resources. Work contains no more than 5 minor errors in APA format for in-text citations and/or reference list entries. Attempts to apply the APA formatting standard as defined in the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (6th ed.). 1 point

Work attempts to credit sources but demonstrates a fundamental failure to understand and apply the APA formatting standard as defined in the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (6th ed.). 0 points

Reference list and/or in-text citations are missing.

Professionalism Part I: Organization & Appearance (5 pts) 5 points

Submitted work shows excellent organization and presentation. Formatting complies with requirements listed in the assignment. The use of color, fonts, titles, headings and sub-headings, margins, etc. is appropriate to the assignment type. 4 points

Submitted work shows outstanding organization and presentation. Formatting complies with requirements listed in the assignment. The use of color, fonts, titles, headings and sub-headings, margins, etc. is appropriate to the assignment type. 3 points

Submitted work is well organized. No more than 3 minor deviations from formatting requirements listed in the assignment. The use of color, fonts, titles, headings and sub-headings, margins, etc. is appropriate to the assignment type. 2 points

Submitted work lacks organization and/or has multiple style or formatting errors. Organization and professional appearance need improvement. 1 point

Submitted work lacks organization and/or has multiple style or formatting errors. Organization and professional appearance need significant improvement. 0 points

Submitted work is poorly organized and formatted. Writing and presentation are lacking in professional style and appearance. Work does not reflect college level writing skills.

Professionalism Part II: Execution (10 pts) 10 points

Work reflects a professional writing style. There were no formatting, grammar, spelling, or punctuation errors. 8 points

Work contains minor errors in formatting, grammar, spelling or punctuation which do not significantly impact professionalism in writing style. 7 points

Work contains no more than 5 errors in formatting, spelling, grammar, or punctuation. Errors slightly impact the professional appearance of the submitted work. 5 points

Work contains no more than 5 errors in formatting, spelling, grammar, or punctuation. Errors impact the professional appearance of the submitted work. 4 points

Work contains significant errors in formatting, spelling, grammar, or punctuation. Errors seriously impact the professional appearance of the submitted work. 0 points

Work contains significant errors in formatting, spelling, grammar, or punctuation. Submitted assignment does not meet expectations for college level writing.

Overall Score Excellent

90 or more Outstanding

80 or more Acceptable

70 or more Needs Improvement

53 or more Needs Significant Improvement

9 or more Missing / Unacceptable

0 or more

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