Early research of political Facebook groups has thus far not paid attention to its impact on identity maintenance (Marichal, 2010). Svenson refers to this desire to negotiate a political self through discourse as a form of expressive rationality independent of instrumental or communicative modes of discourse (2009). In his article E-participation and iCitizens: The Expressive Turn of Political Participation and Citizenship in Convergence Culture, Svenson discusses that increasing digitalization and globalization transforms societies-accessibility to the public sphere and by turn agenda setting is challenged as communication become increasingly digital, global and personalized as political participation take on different meanings and citizenships are enacted differently. In his revisit to instrumental-communicative dichotomy he discusses that the deliberative turn in political philosophy brings forward the well-known dichotomy between these rationalities. Svensson believes that if we add new political practices online together with a sociological understanding of the late modern subject, then, “expressive account rationality is more accurate for understanding citizenship practices and political participation today (Svensson, 2009).” To better understand the link between identity and political engagement of Lebanese Diaspora, expose a brief explanation to the concept of expressive rationality as opposed to instrumental and communicative rationality as presented by Jurge Habermas and Jakob Svensson .
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