Nola Pender
Tell the story of your chosen theorist, why she developed this theory and how you as a nurse can use this theory to advance the science and or practice of nursing and your own nursing, of course.
Nola Pender is famous for developing a health promotion model used in the entire globe for the purposes of education and practice. Nola’s theory emanated from her research with both adults and teenagers. Nola’s notion, while creating the model, was to help adults and adolescents adopt active lifestyles. This made her create several instruments that estimated the components of the health Promotion model. The theorist observed that several health professionals participate in patient care in the event of chronic illness. Before developing the theory, Nola found out that she could improve health care for patients by taking succinct measures (as evident in her model) before an illness became chronic (Peterson & Bredow, 2009).
The theorist discovered that her theory could save the health care industry a lot of money via emulation of a healthy routine. The theorist performed research on various models and found that several of the models emulated negative motivation; she then made the decision of developing a theory that concentrated on positive motivation. The theory serves the purpose of offering assistance to nurses so that they can understand the prime establisher of health behaviors (DiClemente, Crosby & Kegler, 2009). This is significant for performing behavioral counseling with an aim of promoting a healthy existence. The theory utilizes research results from various areas including public health, psychology plus nursing to form a behavioral model. The model is useful in various areas, for example, in structuring nursing protocols plus interventions. The Health Promotion Model (HPM) concentrates on the concepts of environment, nursing, person, health plus illness (Peterson & Bredow, 2009).
The theory describes the association between the environment and the person by considering a person as a ‘biophysical organism’ that has survived to the environment. Personal characteristics plus life encounters affect behaviors of people (Peterson & Bredow, 2009). The environment becomes the physical cultural plus social context from which the life of an individual emanates. However, the environment is adjustable, therefore, can be changed to fit the conditions that would aid proper health promoting behaviors. The model is fundamental to nurses because it can aid their performance as they play their daily roles. Nurses work in conjunction with families, society plus patients in order to develop suitable situations that facilitate and support optimal health plus care for patients (DiClemente et al., 2009).
Pender’s theory concentrates on the nursing procedures in empowering self care in the entire individual life. The theorist includes several procedures that concern health planning, for example, reinforcement of patient’s strengths, addressing barriers plus commitment to goals. The common areas which the model suggests intervention include, nutrition, stress management plus social support. The Health Promotion Model (HPM) assumes that individuals try to develop lifestyles via which they can explore their exceptional abilities. The model holds that the individuals possess capabilities of assessing their own lives and welfare. The model suggests that persons can change their behaviors by integrating positive aspects of that promote healthy growth plus stability (Peterson & Bredow, 2009). Nola’s theory indicates the association of people and the environment by providing an understanding of the interpersonal environment to nurses and health care professionals.
The health model proposes that behavior plus other human characteristics affects beliefs and activities that would enhance proper health. The model suggests on the significance of competence in the implementation of behaviors because the action motivates positive behaviors that promote health of individuals. The model proposes on the importance of avoiding barriers because they constrain the ability of individuals to commit themselves to actions that enhance health. The model creates the knowhow of individuals can modify various aspects, for example, cognition and conditional influences to develop incentives useful in the promotion of a healthy behavior (Chiu, Lynch, Chan & Berven, 2011). Through support, people can grow characteristics that enhance promotion of healthy behaviors, which are fundamental to human well-being.
How me as a nurse can use this theory to advance the science and or practice of nursing and my own nursing, of course.
As a nurse, I can utilize the model in tailoring interventions by shaping the messages to patients through consideration of the patient’s exceptional characteristics. I would utilize fundamental variables such as patient’s characteristics, cognitive aspects and affect to ensure that healthcare for patients follows procedures that would promote their well-being (Chiu et al., 2011). Through the use of Nora’s theory, I can develop succinct strategies and then design appropriate health promotion intervention for the purpose of serving every client requirements in terms of their unique needs. The model is useful because it helps nurses design programs that address the requirements of all patients regardless of their needs. This is possible because the model considers physical and psychological aspects of patients (Peterson & Bredow, 2009).
As a nurse, I can use the model as a guide in the promotion of health care by utilizing tools designed with the help of the model. The model supports utilization of technology in the provision of health care. I can utilize the model to assess the health condition of the clients through the use of variables that the model supports (Peterson & Bredow, 2009). As a nurse, I can use the model together with computer technology to create programs that are effective to clients or patients. The model provides conditions that motivate nurses and other health care professionals thus; it is congruent with the philosophical views of nurses in matters that concern provision of care for patients. Through the model, a nurse can research on various issues that concern client and their relationships with the environment (Peterson & Bredow, 2009).
This is because the model supports research and education. In this manner, as a nurse, I can utilize the model to aid improvements to patients and prevent possibilities of illnesses developing to chronic statuses. The use of the theory in nursing practice encourages the provision of services to people of diverse cultures, for example, there are people who believe in traditional medicines rather than drugs found in modern hospitals (Peterson & Bredow, 2009). Nurses can utilize the model to educate individuals on the significance of disease prevention through preventive methods. In this case, I would utilize the model to educate the society on matters that concern nutrition.
Proper nutrition involves consumption of healthy foods with adequate diets that support the health of the body. Encouraging the community to adopt this behavior would help cases of illnesses that emerge due to poor nutrition. As a nurse, I would utilize the model to educate people on the significance of physical fitness, which is a fundamental aspect in the prevention of related illnesses. Diabetes obesity and heart diseases are common examples of illnesses that emanate from poor physical fitness and nutrition. The theory promotes nursing education and, therefore, encourages nurses to seek knowledge through research and study of various issues that concern health profession (Chiu et al., 2011).
This is crucial in advancing the knowledge of nurses so that they can handle different problems observable in patients and clients. Through research, the model can help in developing systematic approaches to healthcare. As a nurse, I would gain these skills and help other nursing professionals understand the concept by offering education. Through the theory, I would help the health care industry save considerable amounts of money. This is possible because the approaches provided by the model promote cost effective techniques of promoting the well-being of patients or clients (Peterson & Bredow, 2009).
Then justify why you chose this theory, use a nursing situation to show how the theory has helped, can help you and the practice and or science of nursing. Mention other authorities who have used this theory in their works
The Health Promotion Model (HPM) promotes the entire roles of a nurse thus; the theory is sufficient because it enables a nurse execute required roles. Nurses are responsible for conducting duties, for example, treating patients, offering education both to patients and society, and offering support through emotional supports to both patients and their families (Zaccagnini & White, 2011). The model supports all these roles thus; it is a fundamental model for this purpose. The theory has been applicable to various situations, for example, in occupational health. An occupational health nurse whose objective was to improve the health of workers in the workplace utilized the model (Peterson & Bredow, 2009). The nurse wanted to execute a fitness program which made her perform research based on Nora’s theory.
The nurse collected information by involving 300 workers where she performed a survey of health behaviors, individual aspects, perception of the employees to exercise, benefits plus self efficacy. The nurse included interpersonal plus situational influences to the study. The nurse performed several measurements including, height and weight measurement for employees. The nurse’s study indicated that the subjects perceived physical exercise as an activity which wasted time (Basavanthappa, 2007). The researcher discovered a situational influence that was common to both employees; that they spent longer periods without gaining access to facilities that they could exercise. Through the use of the Health Promotion Model (HPM), the nurse developed a fitness program that involved the creation of policy and health education based on study outcomes.
The interventions included offering of classes on work sites and utilization of newsletters. The nurse suggested incorporation of the activities into daily duties so that employees would acquire proper fitness. The nurse was successful in this situation because the employees under the process of fitness reduced their weights plus their cholesterol levels dropped significantly. The nurse’s practice was fundamental for employee health since she managed to improve their self efficacy and behavior (Basavanthappa, 2007). Findings of the practice indicated positive results to the subjects. An application of the theory is evident with American workers who are susceptible to hearing problems resulting from the environment in the work place. An investigation conducted with an aim of determining the effects of using ear safety devices was aided by Nora’s theory (Peterson & Bredow, 2009).
The study involved over 100 workers both from similar industrial environments. The subjects completed several questionnaires on behavior, interpersonal influences plus perception on various aspects. The findings of the experiment with theory indicated that workers who did not like wearing ear protection devices had negative perception on the idea. Nurses promoted the idea of use through education and fostering of beliefs on the significance of ear protection (Zaccagnini & White, 2011). The model worked with the workers where their self efficacy improved. They started using protective devices and were persuaded on the worth of protective clothing on their health. It is evident that the application of Nora’s model can aid appropriate behavior, which is suitable for their well-being (Peterson & Bredow, 2009).
As a nurse, the model has helped me offer various services to patients and clients in need of services. Through the use of the model, I have conducted various studies on diseases such as obesity, heart disease and diabetes. The model has enabled me understand patients perceptions providing me with succinct research skills. I have been capable of improving the patient’s condition through promotion of exercises and proper nutrition. In this manner, the theory has helped me prosper in the science of nursing (Butts & Rich, 2011).
Saskatchewan Regional Health Authorities has offered health promotion to the society by making them understand the importance of various aspects of health. This was possible through collaborative efforts with other organizations, for example, regional health district. The aim of the organization is to offer resources that make the organization act as a source for dealing with various requirements of the community (Butts & Rich, 2011). In the hospital industry, the World Health Organization found the need to ensure health promotion through encouragement and support to the utilization of Health Promotion Model (HPM). The theory has been successful in schools, where authorities discovered the importance of the theory to student’s health. Success in ensuring well-being of persons was possible due to the model, which has offered appropriate procedures and results after an investigation (Peterson & Bredow, 2009).
References
Basavanthappa, B. T. (2007). Nursing theories. New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers.
Butts, J. B., & Rich, K. (2011). Philosophies and theories for advanced nursing practice. Sudbury, Mass: Jones and Bartlett Publishers.
Chiu, C., Lynch, R. T., Chan, F., & Berven, N. L. (2011). The Health Action Process Approach as a motivational model for physical activity self-management for people with multiple sclerosis: A path analysis. Rehabilitation Psychology, 56(3), 171-181. doi:10.1037/a0024583
DiClemente, R. J., Crosby, R. A., & Kegler, M. C. (2009). Emerging theories in health promotion practice and research. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Peterson, S. J., & Bredow, T. S. (2009). Middle range theories: Application to nursing research. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Zaccagnini, M. E., & White, K. W. (2011). The doctor of nursing practice essentials: A new model for advanced practice nursing. Sudbury, Mass: Jones and Bartlett Publishers.
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