Project description
Introduction (250-300)
Introduction to counseling
Why should schools have counseling specifically primary schools
Outline the essay e.g. this essay will include a introduction and description to cognitive behavior therapy (CBT), solution focused therapy (SFT) and person centered. The essay will then go on to discuss the problems that children in KS2 face in their lives and then finally the essay will attempt to establish which type of therapy is the most appropriate.
Brief history from McLeod he covers main ideas that underpin the theories that are being discussed
Paragraph 1 (500)
Introduce person centered
Understanding the live experience. It has two principles. The first is associated with creating a relationship with the client that is characterized with respect, equality and authenticity, it allows the client to be the expert in their own life. The second principle allows the client to see their problems in a different light. Phenomenological the counsellor attempts to capture the lived experience of the client. Attempts to obtain a rich picture, whilst blocking their own assumptions of the world.
History of person centred and associated theorists (Carl Rogers)
What happens in a person centred session
Why is it used? And the outcomes of the therapy? (Is the counsellor giving the client goals and aims to which the sessions are based around? Or is he or she solving the issue?)
The possible limitations of this approach?
How does it work in the school? What does it look like in a primary school setting?
Paragraph 2 (500)
Introduce solution focussed therapy (SFT)
SFT is when you work with the client to solve their problems, you work with the strengths rather than weakness. Solution based ask How will you know that seeing me has been helpful or helped you?. Explore stories of the future, rather than dwelling on the past.
History of solution focussed therapy and associated theorists
What happens in a SFT session
Why is it used? And the outcomes of the therapy? (Is the counsellor giving the client goals and aims to which the sessions are based around? Or is he or she solving the issue?)
The possible limitations of this approach?
How does it work in the school? What does it look like in a primary school setting?
Paragraph 3 (500)
Introduce CBT
Based on the behaviourist theory (Pavlov and Skinner). Focuses on rewards and punishments how cognition helps behaviour. Several branches. Scientific because it can be tested. Cognitive, affective, behavioural and psychological. Not looking for deep hidden rooted cases, proposes that by changing behaviour the client will see themselves in a different way. Focussing on the cognitive unconscious. Helps the client understand the clients understanding at the current time.
History of CBT and associated theorists
What happens in a CBT session
Why is it used? And the outcomes of the therapy? (Is the counsellor giving the client goals and aims to which the sessions are based around. Or is he or she solving the issue?)
The possible limitations of this approach?
How does it work in the school? What does it look like in a primary school setting?
Paragraph 4 (300)
Define the Key Stage 2 age
What are their behaviours?
Brief introduction of the kind of issues they experiences. (Social, Physical, Cognitive and Emotional) although some examples will be given, it wont be a exhaustive list
References for those issues subheadings
Paragraph 5 (300)
SOCIAL Family based issues (death in the family, divorce, financial issues, high expectations)
Person centred approach/solution focussed therapy (focusses on the future and positives)
Paragraph 6 (300)
EMOTIONAL Peer groups (Friendship groups, bullying, peer pressures (wrong groups mixing))
Solution focussed therapy/ person centred approach
Paragraph 7 (300)
PHYSICAL Puberty (early growth development, hormones, body changing, romantic relationship)
Person centred approach/ solution based/ CBT (Explaining the science behind the hormones and early puberty)
Pre frontal cortex research it decision making is harder as this is the last bit to be formed harder to realise the dangers
Paragraph 8 (300)
COGNITION
Conclusion (150-300)
What approach is best suitable for the KS2 years?
Summarise the essay
Room for further research?
From looking at these problems and the counselling approaches that help to fix them it is clear that “Theory” is the best choice of counselling in primary schools for KS2.
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