(1.) Smith, Marx and Tocqueville all discuss the nature of freedom in modern society, and in different ways highlight its relationship to equality. Choosing two of the theorists we’ve read, please answer the following questions. First, how does each theorist understand human liberty? What is its nature, and what does it consist in? Second, how do the theorists understand the relationship between liberty in modern society and those features of equality (or inequality) they focus upon in modern society. This is getting at liberty’s social conditions, broadly. In this discussion, be sure to examine how particular institutions (such as privilege or monopolies) or social structures (such as class structure) may play a central role, and discuss these where appropriate. Finally, how does the relationship between liberty and equality help to produce each theorists broader understanding of modern society?
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