Due to the criticisms on the first city from Glaucon, Socrates reluctantly dropped the first imaginary city and developed the second city known as the luxurious city. Discuss

Paragraph

QUESTION 1:

Unable to precisely define the term justice, Socrates chose to do so by creating an imaginary city. The first city created by Socrates and Adeimantus in known as the city of pigs as described by Glaucon. Socrates and Adeimantus said that no man could exist alone and people needed coordinated efforts for their survival. Just like in the city, men can only sustain life if they specialize in skills that can promote just and good life to others.

QUESTION 2:

Due to the criticisms on the first city from Glaucon, Socrates reluctantly dropped the first imaginary city and developed the second city known as the luxurious city. The second city constituted both justice and injustice acts committed against human beings as the city grows. The city was developed in a “pre-political” sense as the soldiers would go into war with the neighbors to acquire more land for expansion.

QUESTION 3:

Socrates identified the Importance of righteousness to the guardians and how to pass the virtue to the children. The scholar chose to use the Greek poetic censorships in promoting the guardian education. Essentially, after going through the education soldiers would believe that they are always on the right side. This would boost their bravery in undertaking their duties: Ready to die for their city since there are rewards for being righteous.

QUESTION 4:

Noble lie as described by Socrates are untruth or myths used in the society to promote harmony and unity. Noble lies helps to promote unity among citizens where they view each other as sister and brothers. In spite of the advantage, some rulers use noble lies to divide citizens along social classes in order to oppress others. People have been divided into Gold Class (rulers), Silver class (warriors) and bronze class (followers).

QUESTION 5:

According to Socrates and Plato the soul is divided into three parts namely thumos, eros and logos. Thumos in located in the chest and is associated with masculine, spiritedness or emotion. Eros is situated in the stomach and associated with an individual’s desire while Logos in found in the head and associated with regulation of other body parts and reasoning.

QUESTION 6:

The story narrates how Athens the daughter of Leontius prospered inn life from rags to riches. Her father had prophesied a great future ahead of her but upon his death he left behind 100 coin of inheritance for her. Athens was devastated at first but later moved to Constantinople where she became a spirit. Athens in her literary works focused at connecting her Greek background and her Christian beliefs.

QUESTION 7:

Socrates sated that although there difference in strength and height these attributes are not universal. As such they could not be used to differentiate social roles. To promote just in the guardianship class, both women and men ought to receive same education and important roles in the society.

QUESTION 8:

Socrates and Plato proposed that there should be no separate families within the guardian class. Both children and women ought to be owned by the entire class: best women should have sex with the best man to maintain efficiency and intelligence within the society. Likewise, best men should have sex to as many women as possible. Children were to be educated and raised by the whole society and not biological parents.

QUESTION 9:

In the sexual errors, Socrates had a precise stand on the relationship between men and women within the society. He said that the differences resulting from nature cannot be used to separate role between men and women. When it comes to philosophic eros, Socrates lacks a clear stand, he listens to someone then tries to refute his ideas. He seemed to be less certain of his own ideas.
QUESTION 10:

According to Socrates any ruler should possess the philosophical virtues of courage, wisdom, justice and moderation. The ruler should possess wisdom so as to understand how the society ought to be ruled. Courage would help the rulers to fight for their city while moderation under the city is represented by the agreement on who should rule. Lastly, justice is attributed with specialization principle and compliments the other virtues.