Is the managed care organization too intrusive, or is it merely trying to assure proper use of its reimbursements?

Answer ALL the questions in each case study make sure each case has 275 words

4.2 A managed care firm requests a psychologists reports
clinical psychologist Dr. R has, for the past two moths, provided weekly psychotherapy for Ms. W’s anxiety disorder and other personal problems. A representative of the managed care organization sends Dr. R forms that require the psychologist to spell out , over a numbers of pages exactly what Ms. W suffers from and what they discuss. Dr. R understands that, for the therapy to be reimbursable, she must supply the detailed, specific information to the provider.
A. is the managed care organization too intrusive, or is it merely trying to assure proper use of its reimbursements?
B. is it unfair to require more detailed information about mental health conditions and treatment than for other sorts of health care?
C. if the information is kept in the organizations database, who should be permitted access to it? potential or present employer? government agencies? the courts? other insurance agencies?
D. Suppose the organization requires a second opinion in Ms. W’s case before it will continue to pay for her psychotherapy. Does this requirement place too great a burden on Ms. W? Are psychological or psychiatric cases relevantly different from other conditions where second opinions are required?

13.4 ignoring a living will at a daughters insistence
Mr. G’s daughter disagrees with her fathers wishes as expressed in his living will, so she approves when the hospital workers intubate him and resuscitate Mr.G after his massive stroke and place him on a respirator. he spends ten weeks on the respirator before dying. his attempts to remove the tubes are described by his daughter alternatively as either not intentional or unacceptable, and so his wrists and ankles are placed in restraints. the hospital does not want to contend with the adamant daughter who says that she would feel like a murderer if the living will were followed.

A. are the hospitals actions only explainable purely prudentially based on their own interests as interpreted by hospital attorneys or can they also be defended as acting morally properly toward Mr. G and his family?

B. is the use of restraints morally acceptable in this sort of situation? what alternatives do health workers have?

C. If Mr. G somehow manages to indicate rational-seeming wishes during that time, should they then prevail? suppose he refuses treatment. Should he then be perceived as a competent adult refusing treatment or as someone hasty trying to die prematurely?

15.10 Estate sale of ones organs
Mrs. B a fairly healthy forty seven year old, inquires about the possibility of selling some of her organs in the event of her death, with the proceeds to go to her family. she is told that such a practice is illegal, where upon she asks why. her doctor states that as she understands it such a practice would place a price tag on a body parts which is unacceptable and that it just isn’t done its too ghoulish to contemplate Mrs. B replies its my body isn’t it?

A. suppose Mrs B were failing in health but many of her organs would remain viable when she died.

B. In what sense is ones body one property and in what sense is it not like other property such as a house or painting?

C. Suppose Mrs . B is in failing in health and wants one of her organs to go to a particular individual in need. should organ donors in cases like this have control or at least some say over who receives their organs? would it make a difference if the individual to receive the organs were a relative of the donor ?

16.2 Obesity issues

Miss B, Forty years old, is moderately obese. She worries about how it affects her social and work situations. yet she seems unable to lose weight. the health workers at her clinic have read that between a third and two thirds of adults in their nation are obese, yet they assume either either that Miss B lacks the willpower to lose weight or that the problem is essentially cosmetic and so not very serious.

A. At what point does a factor or condition that causes unhappiness become medically significant?

B.At what point does something that is statistically associated with illness become medically significant?
C. Should treatment of obesity be though of more as indulgence of vanity or correction of a source of actual or potential harm?
D. Suppose a physical or psychological condition causes harm, such as job discrimination should this be possible harm affect the justification for having the condition dressed medically?