Rehabilitation, Health Plans, and Disabled People

Annotation
1. The purpose of the study was to measure the attitudes and stereotypes in the fields of support for people with disabilities. The study used a qualitative design approach in the measurement of the attitudes of the participants and found that the existing attitudes and stereotypes undermine the support services for people with disabilities. The researchers also find that way of improving the care and support services for the people with disabilities is to deal with the attitudes and stereotypes (Ana et al, 2008).
2. The purpose of Berkowitz study was to find how resources are allocated for rehabilitation. Questionnaires were used as the method of collecting the qualitative data from their participants to measure their beliefs about the allocation of resources for rehabilitation (Berkowitz, 1989). The researcher finds that the application of rehabilitation in modern medicine has greatly reduced. The reason the application of rehabilitation in medicine has reduced is that it is no longer considered as an entitlement. One of the challenges, for instance, is that the minority groups of people with disabilities want to control the process of rehabilitation themselves, limiting its application to the space of medicine and medical insurance (Berkowitz, 1989).
3. The purpose of Bradbury’s research was to investigate how the community in Worcester contributed towards creating healthcare competition for the benefit of the people with disabilities and other needy groups that cannot afford expensive healthcare (Bradbury, 1987). The researcher used questionnaires and observation techniques to collect data and the findings of the study indicate the program for healthcare competition has improved the quality and cost of healthcare among the managed care plans. The focus of the community healthcare program plans is to ensure that the entire community, including the groups of disabled people, women, and children (Bradbury, 1987).
4. The purpose of Coster et al (2004) research is to measure the outcomes for rehabilitation and the rehabilitation challenges that should be solved. The researchers used the method of administering a newly developed measure of Post-Acute Care (AM-PAC) on three different patient groups to measure their attitudes about the outcomes of rehabilitative care. According to the researchers, the focus of the rehabilitation outcome measurements is just on the performance of daily activities yet there are more things that the measurements should include. The researchers also found that the measurements do not specify the conceptual basis for selection of items. The researchers propose a variety of measures that can be incorporated to improve the results of the measurements (Coster et al, 2004).
5. The purpose of the study is to measure the relationship between the treatment of depression among patients with multiple sclerosis and their quality of life (Hart et al, 2005). The researchers used experiment where patients were subjected to depression treatment for 16 weeks. The researchers used MSQOL-54 to measure the impact of depression treatment on the QOL of the patients (Hart et al, 2005). The study found that treatment of depression among multiple sclerosis patients affects their QOL in both positive and negative ways (Hart et al, 2005).
6. The objective of the study was to measure the beliefs among the clinicians that hinder them from integrating the patient’s spiritual needs into care (McCauley et al, 2005). The researchers used a 30-item survey to collect data from the participants. The data the researchers collected from the participants included the demographics and religious involvement in care, spirituality in patient care, and the barriers. The study found that the clinicians belonged to different religions, and this is a factor that made the incorporation of religious beliefs into care difficult. However, most of the participants (95%) felt that it was important to incorporate the patients’ spiritual needs into healthcare practice (McCauley et al, 2005).
7. The purpose of the study was to find how the attitudes and beliefs of stroke patients affected their motivation for rehabilitation. The researchers used an experimental design that involved observing 22 stroke patients under rehabilitation. 14 of the patients were identified as patients with high motivation while 8 of the patients had low motivation (McLean et al, 2000). The researchers found that the patients considered motivation as having an important role in their treatment of stroke. Most the patients reported independence in home care as a factor that motivated them to like rehabilitation but few low-motivation patients reported this view (McLean et al, 2000).
8. The purpose of Racine et al (2012) was to characterize the perspectives that young adults with Cerebral palsy had towards autonomy. The researchers used semi structured interviews to collect data from 14 cerebral palsy patients aged between 18 and 25 years. The research found that the patients displayed a range of attitudes towards autonomy. The results indicated that autonomy was an issue that affected care depending on different values and contexts (Racine et al, 2012).
9. The aim of the study by Rubenstein et al (2000) was to study how the behavior of healthcare providers affected the quality of care they gave to patients. The researchers administered a program called Quality Enhancement Research Initiative (QUERI) to measure the relationship between the variables of behavior of the care providers and quality of care they gave to the patients (Rubenstein et al, 2000). The study found that if QUERI is integrated into the treatment procedures, it enhances the quality of care that the patients receive (Rubenstein et al, 2000).
10. The purpose of Schneider and Ulrich (2008) is to find how patient-physician relationship affects. The researchers collected the perspectives of the patients on the role that the relationship plays in healthcare, using the survey method. The quality of care that the patients receive. The researchers also used the recursive bivariate probit model. The findings showed that physician consultation and behavior that was supportive and relevant to positive healthcare improved the quality of care (Schneider and Ulrich, 2008).
11. The purpose of the study was to explore the information and needs of young adults and incorporate the needs in a program used for treat young adults with chronic pain. The program for treatment into which the information and service needs of the young adults were incorporated was a web-based self management program for chronic pain (Stinson et al, 2013). The researchers used a convenience sample of 17 young adults in the study. Audio-tape-recording was the method for gathering data among the five groups of participants. The study found that pain impacted the emotional and social realms of the patients and it was necessary to cater for their informational needs through web-based programs (Stinson et al, 2013).
12. The objective of the study was to determine the effectiveness of combining behavior therapy with physical therapy in the rehabilitation of patients with physical disabilities. The researchers used an experimental approach in their study where they tested how behavior therapy would alter the experiences and outcomes of the patients when combined with physical therapy. The study found that behavior therapy led to more effective outcomes and that physical disability also affects the psychological domain, hence the need to combine behavior therapy with physical therapy (Strawbridge et al, 1989)
13. The purpose of the study was to determine the issues that the patients considered to be of cultural sensitivity in the care setting (Tucker et al, 2003). The researchers used focus group interviews as the method for collecting data. The constant comparative method was used in the analysis of the data from the interviews. The results indicated that the patients identified their races, skills, individualized treatment, and effective communication as aspects of cultural sensitivity. The study also found that issues such as culturally sensitive music, art, and pictures were relevant in the treatment setting (Tucker et al, 2003).
14. The objective of Turner and Noh (1988) study was to find the relationship between physical disability and the risk of depression. The researchers used two waves of data with a spacing of four years between each to study the relationship between the variables. The study found that people with disabilities are exposed to high risks of depression. In the longitudinal analysis of depression among the participants, the researchers found that factors such as eventful stress, chronic strain, mastery, and social support were significant determinants of the amount depression among the people with disabilities (Turner and Noh, 1988).
15. The objective of the study by Weinert and Long (1987) is to determine the perceptions of Montana residents about the healthcare needs of the people in the rural areas. The researchers used the method of combining ethnographic data and survey method. The study found that the rural population viewed healthcare differently, e.g. they considered health as the ability to work (Weinert and Long, 1987).
References
1. Ana, G., Lovorka, B., Visnja, F., & Ljiljana, G. (2008). The attitudes and stereotypes
of supporting fields towards the persons with disabilities. Collegium antropologicum Vol. 32, no. 3, p. 783-791. Retrieved on May 12, 2015 from http://0search.ebscohost.com.opac.sfsu.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=ip,cookie,url,uid&db=ant&AN=XANL574768&site=ehost-live
2. Berkowitz, E.D. (March, 1989). Allocating Resources for Rehabilitation: A Historical
and Ethical Framework. Social Science Quarterly, Vol. 70, No. 1, pp. 40-52. Retrieved on May 12, 2015 from http://www.jstor.org/stable/42862524
3. Bradbury, R.C. (Fall, 1987). A Community Approach to Health Care Competition.
Inquiry, Vol. 24, No. 3, pp. 253-265. Retrieved on May 12, 2015 from http://www.jstor.org/stable/29771890
4. Coster, W.J., Haley, S.M., Andres, P.L., Ludlow, L.H., Bond, T.L.Y., & Peng-Sheng,
N. (January, 2004). Refining the Conceptual Basis for Rehabilitation Outcome : Personal Care and instrumental Activities Domain. : Medical Care, Vol. 42, No. 1, Supplement: Applications of Rasch Analysis in Health Care (Jan., 2004), pp. 162-172. Retrieved on May 12, 2015 from http://www.jstor.org/stable/4640702
5. Hart, S., Fonareva, I., Merluzzi, N., & Mohr, D.C. (April, 2005). Treatment for
Depression and Its Relationship to Improvement in Quality of Life and Psychological Well-Being in Multiple Sclerosis Patients. Quality of Life Research, Vol. 14, No. 3, pp. 695-703. Retrieved on May 12, 2015 from http://www.jstor.org/stable/4038819
6. McCaulley, J., Jenckes, M.W., Tarpley, M.G., Koenig, H.G., Yanek, L.R., & Becker,
D.N. (Summer, 2005). Spiritual Beliefs and Barriers among Managed Care Practitioners. Journal of Religion and Health, Vol. 44, No. 2 (Summer, 2005), pp. 137-146. Retrieved on May 12, 2015 from http://www.jstor.org/stable/27512848
7. McLean, N., Pound, P., Wolfe, C., & Rudd, A. (October 8, 2000). Qualitative Analysis Of
Stroke Patients’ Motivation for Rehabilitation. : British Medical Journal, Vol. 321, No. 7268, pp. 1051-1054. Retrieved on May 12, 2015 from http://www.jstor.org/stable/25226037
8. Racine, E., Lariviere-Bastien, D., Bell, E., Majnemer, A., & Shevel, M. (September 16,
2012). Respect for autonomy in the healthcare context: observations from a qualitative study of young adults with cerebral palsy. Child: Care, Health, and Development.
9. Rubenstein, L.V., Mittman, B.S., Yano, E.M., & Murlow, C.D. (June, 2000). From
Understanding Health Care Provider Behavior to Improving Health Care: The QUERI Framework for Quality Improvement. Medical Care, Vol. 38, No. 6, VA QUERI Supplement: VA’s Quality Enhancement Research Initiative, pp. I129-I141. Retrieved on May 12, 2015 from http://www.jstor.org/stable/3767352
10. Schneider, U., & Ulrich, V. (Dec, 2008). The Physician-Patient Relationship Revisited:
The Patient’s View. International Journal of Health Care Finance and Economics, Vol. 8, No. 4 (Dec., 2008), pp. 279-300. Retrieved on May 12, 2015 from http://www.jstor.org/stable/40270612
11. Stinson, J., White, M., Isaac, L., Campbell, F., Brown, S., Ruskin, D., Gordon, A.,
Galonski, M., Pink, L., Buckley, N., Henry, J.L., Lalloo, C., & Karim, A. (2013). Understanding the Information and Service Needs of Young Adults With Chronic Pain Perspectives of Young Adults and Their Providers. Clin J Pain, Vol. 29, No. 7, pp 600-612.
12. Strawbridge, L.A., Drnach, M., Sisson, L.A., & Van Hasslet V.B. (September, 1989).
Behavior Therapy Combined with Physical Therapy to Promote Walker Use by a Child with Multiple Handicaps. Education and Training in Mental Retardation, Vol. 24, No. 3, pp. 239-247. Retrieved on May 12, 2015 from http://www.jstor.org/stable/23878487
13. Tucker, C.M., Herman, K.C., Pedersen, T.R., Higley, B., Montrichard, M., & Ivery, P.
(July, 2003). Cultural Sensitivity in Physician-Patient Relationships: Perspectives of an Ethnically Diverse Sample of Low-Income Primary Care Patients. Medical Care, Vol. 41, No. 7 (Jul., 2003), pp. 859-870. Retrieved on May 12, 2015 from http://www.jstor.org/stable/3767802
14. Turner, R.J., & Noh, S. (1988). Physical Disability and Depression: A Longitudinal
Study. Journal of health and Social Behavior, Vol.29 No.1, pp.23-37. Retrieved on May 12, 2015 from http://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/2137178?uid=2&uid=4&sid=21106359730111
15. Weinert, C., & Long, K.A. (October, 1987). Understanding the Health Care Needs of
Rural Families. : Family Relations, Vol. 36, No. 4, Rural Families: Stability and Change, pp. 450-455. Retrieved on May 12, 2015 from