Open systems theory

An open system refers to a system that is continuously relating with its environment. The definition of an open system depends on the context in which it is applied. The open systems theory refers to the study of systems that are characterized by a combination of elements that are interdependent. This theory has been applied in the social sciences, in natural sciences and business organizations. The concept of the open system was created in a framework that was interrelated with the theories of evolution, thermodynamics and organism. The basic elements within any open system correlate with one another and work together for a common objective. Open systems are, however, unique in that they constantly adapt to their environment in order to derive the highest gain.

According to Scott (2003), there are various characteristics of open systems that are absent in other types of systems. Open systems interact with the outside environment by taking inputs from it and providing results. Open systems have permeable boundaries that allow contribution by outside factors. As a result, they can quickly adapt to external changes in the environment. Individuals who work within an open system constantly receive viable ideas from numerous sources that can be implemented in a way that is relevant to the situation in which the company is operating.

Open systems can assist in understanding an organization through various ways. In the light of various environmental changes such as economic shifts, technological advancement and improved human resource development, many organizations have either shut down or prospered depending on the system that was adopted. Organizations are shaped by internal and external factors in the environment and to understand the structure of an organization, one must assess the system that they use (Daft, 2001).

Organizations having an open system tend to be more flexible in their approaches and management. It is the job of the management to monitor the environment and adapt accordingly. An investigation into the open systems theory explains how organizations perform their different functions and gives information on the organization. The system theory has an advantage in that it recognizes the interdependence among the personnel. The theory focuses on how changes in the environment affect the organization. Lastly, the systems theory seeks to widen the theoretical perspective for seeing the behavior of organizations.

Applying open systems theory to Skype

The application of the open systems theory to the Skype management will involve the integration of the characteristics of open systems. The open systems theory assumes that all large organizations are made up of smaller subsystems. Similarly, Skype can also adopt such a system. In this case, Skype can integrate different systems into one large sub-system. Skype does not need to reorganize their departments, but the company can change their patterns of activity. Traditionally, Skype deals with the development of communication software. As a result, they require a lot of creativity in the marketing of such products. Marketing Skype products will prove difficult as similar services are offered by other companies. They might succeed by adopting unique marketing methods that are not exhausted. Skype may need to apply the principle of equifinality that dictates that there are several means to obtaining an end (Davis, 2007).

The development of Skype’s products also requires creativity and flexibility among the employees. To achieve this, Skype needs to adopt an open system where input can be outsourced from other organizations and individuals not related to the factory. The management must also be flexible to new ideas of developing communication products. Lastly, Skype must also apply the principle of differentiation and specialization in order to carve a niche for the firm.

References

Daft, R. L. (2001). Organization theory and design. Cincinnati, Ohio: South-Western College Pub.

Davis, G. F & Scott, W. R., (2007). Organizations and organizing: Rational, natural, and open system perspectives. New Jersey: Pearson Education.

Scott, W. R. (2003). Organizations: Rational, natural, and open systems. Upper Saddle River, N.J: Prentice Hall.